Golden+Horde3


 * The Golden Horde**

Video Gameplay of the Golden Horde in the game Midevil 2: Total War media type="youtube" key="wjsAeCvvqcM" height="344"




 * Time frame**: 1240's-1450's


 * How it came to power**: wars against the Il-khans, trade domination, successful raids.


 * How it fell**: Lost wars against Tamerlane in 1369-1404. Toqtamish dies, and trade routes destroyed. Golden horde now began to fall.


 * How it is unique**: The golden horde is unique because of the gold silk tents that made up the camps. When members got the plague, the golden horde catapulted dead corpses that carried the plague into their enemies' ships.


 * Leaders**:


 * Batu**- Established the Golden Horde, nephew of ogodei Khan, grandson of Genghis Khan.


 * Berke**- Batu's brother, converted to Islam, formed an alliance with the Mamluks of Egypt


 * Mongke Temur**- Third ruler of the golden horde, started the domination of trade, exerted influence through threats of invasion. After death, many khans became puppets controlled by generals.


 * Uzbek Khan**- brought the golden horde to their highest point in wealth, trade, influence, and military might. forced the golden horde to islam.


 * Toqtamish**- defeated Mamai. Restored the golden horde to its former glory after it fell from the plague. died in battle with Tamerlane. Last ruler of the golden horde.


 * SPRITE**


 * Social**-


 * Political**-

before converting to Islam after Batu's death, most of the horde members were shamanists at first, who believed in one god, but viewed the sun, the moon, earth, and water as higher beings.
 * Religious**-


 * Intellect**-

mongolians in general had multiple types of things they would wear.They wore silk underwear because silk is very tough, and is good protection from long ranged arrow attacks, and even if the arrows penetrated, the arrow could be easily removed, and poison would most likely not be able to enter the blood stream. they also wore a layer of leather armor that was lacquered to make it more impervious to penetration and protect the leather from humid weather. The lacquer was most likely fish glue, which was the strongest and most weather resistant natural glue. The horses also had this leather armor, and the horses also had stirrups to let the rider attack with a bow more efficiently. the helmets they wore were metal with leather neck and ear covers. when it was cold, the warriors wore heavy leather boots with felt socks, several layers of wool, and a covering coat of fur or sheepskin. they also put a fur hat with ear flaps on the helmet. Legs were usually covered with overlapping iron plates. scale like. they were sewn on. the typical weapons carried were the following: Battle axe, Scimitar, lance, light recurved bow, heavy recurved bow. the light recurved bow could fire rapidly from horseback, and the heavy recurved bow was used from a ground position.
 * Trade/technology**-

Mongolia has extensive mineral deposits such as copper, coal, molybdenum, tin, tungsten, and gold. another big economic system in mongolia is based on herding and agriculture.
 * Economic**-


 * RELIGIONS**(extra information about the Religion(s) the Golden Horde follows)

Beliefs- Six Articles of Faith- 1. There is only one god 2. Angel's are in Human form sent to earth to bring a message. There are two angels for every person(one which records good deeds, one which records bad deeds) 3. The holy scriptures are the Qur'an, The Torah of Moses, Psalms of David, and the gospel of Jesus Christ. 4. God has spoken through many prophets, the greatest were Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and Muhammad. 5. Resurrection and Judgement on the last day, those who follow Allah and Muhammad will go to paradise. 6. The divine creed
 * Islam**

The Five Pillars of Faith- 1. Testimony of faith, "There is no God but Allah, and Muhammad is the Prophet of Allah." 2. Prayer, pray five times a day in the direction of Mecca. 3. Almsgiving, One-fortieth of income must be given to the poor 4. Fasting, Muslims must not eat from sunrise to sundown during the month of Ramadan 5. Pilgrimige(Hajj), Muslims are expected to make a trip to Mecca at least once.

Founder- Muhammad

Example of Text- Excerpt from the Qur'an                    “O my Lord ! Grant Thy forgiveness unto me, and my parents, and all the believers, on the Day on which the (last) reckoning will come to pass !” Surah Ibrahim, Ayat 41


 * PICTURES**


 * REFERENCES**

May, Timothy. "Khanate of the Golden Horde." 2001. North Georgia College and State University. 3 Feb 2009 .

"Mongolia The Golden Horde." Workmall. 25 Jul 2002. Photius Coutsoukis. 3 Feb 2009 .

"The Islamic World to 1600: The Mongol Invasions(The Golden Horde)." The University of Calgary. 3 Feb 2009 .

Oestmoen, Per Inge. "The Mongol military might." Coldsiberia. 18 Jan 2002. 3 Feb 2009 .

"Mongolia." infoplease. 3 Feb 2009 .

Wenner, Sara. "Basic Beliefs of Islam." 2001. 3 Feb 2009 .

Mohamedali, Hasnain. "Excerpts of the Holy Quran." Excerpts of the Holy Quran. 3 Feb 2009 .